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歷史類(lèi)Essay寫(xiě)作應(yīng)該怎么完成？
文章來(lái)源：原創(chuàng)??文章作者：Australiaway論文網(wǎng)??發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-14 14:21:55 ??瀏覽次數(shù)： 次??字?jǐn)?shù)：4746 字??文章關(guān)鍵詞:essay代寫(xiě)
文章導(dǎo)讀：文科論述題寫(xiě)作對(duì)于提升同學(xué)們的思辨能力和寫(xiě)作能力，無(wú)疑具有非常直接而深遠(yuǎn)的意義，今天來(lái)看看，到底一篇文科論述題應(yīng)該怎樣完成寫(xiě)作思路的搭建呢？下面Australiaway小編以AP美...
文科論述題寫(xiě)作對(duì)于提升同學(xué)們的思辨能力和寫(xiě)作能力，無(wú)疑具有非常直接而深遠(yuǎn)的意義，今天來(lái)看看，到底一篇文科論述題應(yīng)該怎樣完成寫(xiě)作思路的搭建呢？下面Australiaway小編以AP美國(guó)歷史論述題寫(xiě)作為例，來(lái)一起走進(jìn)Essay寫(xiě)作的世界吧：
essay寫(xiě)作技巧
第一步，在細(xì)致的審題后，先要為自己的Essay搭建符合邏輯并且可以拿分的框架。包括需要寫(xiě)什么背景信息，中心論點(diǎn)是什么。接下來(lái)，在此論點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ)之上，需要聯(lián)系具體史實(shí)，找到至少3條論據(jù)來(lái)支撐POV。這樣的Essay結(jié)構(gòu)，可以增大同學(xué)們拿到論述題部分的基礎(chǔ)分?jǐn)?shù)的可能性（3-4分，滿(mǎn)分7分）。
比如，在作答“Evaluate the extent to which new technology fostered change in United States industry from 1865 to 1900.”這一問(wèn)題時(shí)，首先要明確自己的背景信息需要寫(xiě)什么，是寫(xiě)1865-1900時(shí)代的Gilded Age還是Trust等經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象？其次自己的POV是什么，是具體寫(xiě)哪一種new technology？再次，支持這種new technology的三個(gè)論據(jù)分別是什么，需要留學(xué)生對(duì)歷史事實(shí)有較為熟悉的掌握，才能“引經(jīng)據(jù)典”哦。
第二步，需要對(duì)各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)內(nèi)容進(jìn)行細(xì)化，主要包括例舉論據(jù)時(shí)的核心方式是什么，是否運(yùn)用了College Board要求掌握的四大思維方式？（comparison,causation,continuity,change over time）
比如，大家在作答“如何評(píng)價(jià)制憲會(huì)議作為美國(guó)發(fā)展中的turning point？”時(shí)，在例舉論據(jù)時(shí)即可利用comparison這一思維技能，對(duì)Philadelphia Convention前后政治，經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面的變化進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析。
同時(shí)，需要對(duì)自己POV復(fù)雜性觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行充分的認(rèn)識(shí)與找到合理的論據(jù)。
比如，仍以上述問(wèn)題為例，在展示對(duì)問(wèn)題復(fù)雜性認(rèn)識(shí)時(shí)，可以說(shuō)雖然Philadelphia Convention確實(shí)是turning point，但并非在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域都展現(xiàn)出了相同的具有跨時(shí)代意義的進(jìn)步性，比如在黑人問(wèn)題與女權(quán)問(wèn)題上并沒(méi)有明顯的改善（這就是復(fù)雜性的需要的論據(jù)咯?。?/span>
第三步，開(kāi)始行文表述了，由于考試時(shí)間有限，需要奮筆疾書(shū)，這就涉及到了語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯選擇的問(wèn)題。
最后，給各位備考的考生一個(gè)彩蛋，Australiaway將為你發(fā)送上述舉例問(wèn)題“Evaluate the extent to which the Constitution as written in 1789 marked a turning point for American political and social life,analyzing what changed and what stayed the same from the period before the Constitution to the period after it.”的參考論述題全文哦！對(duì)于大家熟悉論述題寫(xiě)作套路，相信會(huì)有極大的幫助！
Evaluate the extent to which the Constitution as written in 1789 marked a turning point for American political and social life,analyzing what changed and what stayed the same from the period before the Constitution to the period after it.
Sample:
The writing of the Constitution in 1789 marked a momentous turning point in American history. During the critical period between the end of the Revolutionary War and the Constitutional Convention, the Articles of Confederation established a firm league among thirteen sovereign states. The Constitution created a new national government based upon the principle that sovereignty rests upon the people not the states.
Although the Constitution did mark a political revolution, it did not initially begin a social revolution.
The Articles of Confederation created a Congress composed of delegates chosen by the state legislatures. The government lacked both executive and judicial branches.Congress had no authority to regulate trade between states or to raise revenue through taxes.
The weaknesses of the national Congress prevented it from dealing effectively with pressing economic problems. Faced with mounting debts, seven states began issuing paper money. For example, Rhode Island declared its paper money legal tender for all debts forcing creditors to flee the state.
The most alarming problem occurred in western Massachusetts. Unable to pay their debts to eastern bankers and merchants, desperate farmers demanded that the state legislature halt farm foreclosures and print paper money. Led by Daniel Shays, farmers closed a courthouse where creditors were suing to foreclose farm mortgages. When the national Congress proved unable to raise a militia to stop Shays, wealthy creditors assembled a privately paid force that crushed the rebellion.Shays’ Rebellion fueled dissatisfaction with the Articles of Confederation.
1787, 55 delegates from twelve states quickly resolved to abandon the Articles and create a new government. During about four months of intense give-and-take negotiations the delegates seized control of America’s destiny. They skillfully resolved contentious issues between large and small states and between Northern and Southern states. Their compromises distinguished the possible from the politically impossible.
The Constitution marked a fateful turning point in American political history. In a bold and unprecedented decision, the Framers transferred sovereignty from the states to the people. The new Constitution provided America with a flexible and enduring form of government that included an amendment process and a division of power among executive,legislative, and judicial branches tied together by a complex system of checks and balances. The Constitution gave Congress the power to levy taxes, declare war, and regulate interstate commerce.
Although the Constitution marked the beginning of momentous political changes, it did not mark the beginning of equally significant social changes. The revolutionary rhetoric about equality and natural rights did not change the status of women, Native Americans or most enslaved Africans. Women did not obtain new political rights as the Framers once again failed to remember the Ladies.Native Americans continued to lose their lands and their autonomy.Enslaved Africans did benefit from new emancipation laws in the North.However, over 90 percent of the slaves lived in the South where conditions did not change.
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